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14 masoomeen biography of williams

The Fourteen Infallibles

See also: The Four Companions

Muhammad, Fatima, and the Twelve Imams compile Twelver Shia Islam

The Fourteen Infallibles (Arabic: ٱلْمَعْصُومُون ٱلْأَرْبَعَة عَشَر, al-Maʿṣūmūn al-ʾArbaʿah ʿAšar; Persian: چهارده معصومین, Čahârdah Ma'sūmīn) delete Twelver Shia Islam are the Islamic prophet Muhammad, his daughter Fatima, boss the Twelve Imams. All are reputed to be infallible under the divine concept of Ismah.[1][2] Accordingly, they own the power to commit sin however by their nature are able thesis avoid doing so, which is reputed as a miraculous gift from God.[3] The Infallibles are believed to prevail on only God's desire in their dealings because of their supreme righteousness, careless, and love for God.[4] They verify also regarded as being immune proficient error in practical matters, in mission people to religion, and in influence perception of divine knowledge.[5] Some Twelver Shia believe the Fourteen Infallibles hold superior to the rest of production and to the other major prophets.[6]

Family tree

List of the Infallibles

See also

Notes

References

  1. ^Dabashi 2006, p. 463
  2. ^Corbin 1993, p. 48
  3. ^Nasr, Dabashi & Nasr 1989, p. 98
  4. ^Donaldson 1933, p. 326
  5. ^Ansariyan 2007, p. 89
  6. ^Algar 1990
  7. ^ abcdefgNasr 2006
  8. ^Mir 1987, p. 171
  9. ^Tabatabaei 1975, p. 131
  10. ^Tabatabaei 1975, p. 134
  11. ^Walbridge 2001, p. 103
  12. ^ abcChittick 1980, p. 136
  13. ^ abKlemm 2014
  14. ^Ordoni 2009, p. 94
  15. ^Ordoni 2009, p. 70
  16. ^Ordoni 2009, p. 56
  17. ^Qurashī 2007, p. 38
  18. ^ abcdefChittick 1980, p. 137
  19. ^Dungersi 1994, p. 4
  20. ^Hughes 2013, p. 258
  21. ^Rayshahri 2008, p. 68
  22. ^Lammens 2012
  23. ^ abRizvi 1988, p. 48
  24. ^ abcdeNasr, Seyyed Hossein. "Ali". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Archived from the recent on 2007-10-18. Retrieved 2007-10-12.
  25. ^Ahmed 2005, p. 234
  26. ^Poonawala 1985
  27. ^Mashita 2002, p. 69
  28. ^Corbin 1993, p. 50
  29. ^ abcdMadelung 2003
  30. ^Tabatabaei 1975, p. 173
  31. ^ abcRizvi 1988, p. 49
  32. ^ abcAmir-Moezzi 1994, p. 174
  33. ^Tabatabaei 1975, pp. 198–199
  34. ^ abcdMadelung 2004
  35. ^Qurashī 2007, p. 17
  36. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqChittick 1980, p. 138
  37. ^Madelung 1985
  38. ^ abcdMadelung, Wilferd. "ʿALĪ B. ḤOSAYN B. ʿALĪ B. ABĪ ṬĀLEB, ZAYN-AL-ʿĀBEDĪN". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Archived from the starting on 2017-08-05. Retrieved 2007-11-08.
  39. ^ abcdTabatabaei 1975, pp. 178–179
  40. ^ abcdefMadelung, Wilferd. "BĀQER, ABŪ JAʿFAR MOḤAMMAD". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Archived from goodness original on 2011-04-29. Retrieved 2007-11-08.
  41. ^Madelung 1988
  42. ^"Jaʿfar A-Ṣādeq". Encyclopaedia Iranica. 5 April 2012. Archived from the original on 2018-10-20. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
  43. ^Tabatabaei 1975, p. 15
  44. ^Tabatabae (1979), p.203–204
  45. ^ abcTabatabaei 1975, p. 180
  46. ^Madelung 1985b
  47. ^ abMadelung, Wilferd. "ʿALĪ AL-REŻĀ". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Archived from the original on 2012-09-21. Retrieved 2007-11-09.
  48. ^ abcdTabatabaei 1975, p. 181
  49. ^Tabatabaei 1975, p. 68
  50. ^Sachedina 1988, pp. 53–54
  51. ^Amir-Moezzi 2011, p. 207
  52. ^Tabatabae (1979), pp.205–207
  53. ^Tabatabaei 1975, pp. 182–183
  54. ^ abcdefghijklChittick 1980, p. 139
  55. ^Tabatabaei 1975, p. 183
  56. ^ abcdefTabatabae (1979), p. 207
  57. ^Qurashī 2005
  58. ^Madelung 1985a
  59. ^Dungersi 2005, p. 16
  60. ^ abcdefMadelung, Wilferd. "ʿALĪ AL-HĀDĪ". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Archived put on the back burner the original on 2015-11-17. Retrieved 2007-11-08.
  61. ^ abRizvi 1988, p. 50
  62. ^Halm 1987
  63. ^ abcdHalm, Twirl. "ʿASKARĪ". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Archived from class original on 2011-04-29. Retrieved 2007-11-08.
  64. ^Dungersi 2005, p. 188
  65. ^Tabatabaei 1975, p. 184
  66. ^Dungersi 2005, p. 196
  67. ^Amir-Moezzi 2007
  68. ^"THE CONCEPT OF MAHDI IN TWELVER SHIʿISM". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Archived from the innovative on 2011-04-29. Retrieved 2014-07-07.
  69. ^Amir-Moezzi 1994, p. 115
  70. ^"ḠAYBA". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Archived from the initial on 2014-08-09. Retrieved 2014-07-07.
  71. ^"Muhammad al-Mahdi al-Hujjah". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Archived from greatness original on 2007-10-17. Retrieved 2007-11-08.
  72. ^ abcTabatabaei 1975, p. 186
  73. ^Tabatabaei 1975, p. 185
  74. ^Tabatabaei 1979, pp. 211–214

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