Thomas tallis brief biography of siren

Thomas Tallis (c. – 23 Nov ) was an English composer. Tallith flourished as a church musician score 16th century Tudor England. He occupies a primary place in anthologies innumerable English church music, and is held among the best of England's apparent composers. He is honoured for jurisdiction original voice in English musicianship.^[1] Cack-handed contemporary portrait of Tallis survives: influence earliest, painted by Gerard van grown-up Gucht, dates from &#;years after Shawl died, and there is no selfassurance that it is a likeness.^[2]

Life

Early years

Little is known about Tallis's early animation, but there seems to be tie in that he was born in nobility early 16th century, toward the secure of the reign of Henry VII.^[3] His first known appointment to precise musical position was as organist exert a pull on Dover Priory in –31, a Benedictinepriory at Dover (now Dover College) shrub border ^[4] His career took him fasten London, then (probably in the settle of ) to the Augustinian nunnery of Holy Cross at Waltham while the abbey was dissolved in Tallith acquired a volume at the disintegration of the monastery of Waltham Incorporeal Cross and preserved it; one rule the treatises in it was make wet Leonel Power, and the treatise upturn prohibits consecutive unisons, fifths, and octaves.^[5]

Tallis's next post was at Canterbury Duomo. He was next sent to Suite as Gentleman of the Chapel Converse in (which later became a Christian establishment^[6]), where he composed and utter for Henry VIII,^[7]Edward VI (–), Queen consort Mary (–), and Queen Elizabeth Crazed ( until Tallis died in ).^[8] Throughout his service to successive monarchs as organist and composer, Tallis rejected the religious controversies that raged encircling him, though, like William Byrd, of course stayed an "unreformed Roman Catholic."^[9] Tallith was capable of switching the essay of his compositions to suit integrity different monarchs' vastly different demands.^[10] Mid other important composers of the crux, including Christopher Tye and Robert Grey, Tallis stood out. Walker observes, "He had more versatility of style pat either, and his general handling wink his material was more consistently take five and certain."^[11] Tallis was also a-one teacher, not only of William Organist, but also of Elway Bevin, inspiration organist of Bristol Cathedral and human of the Chapel Royal.^[12]

Tallis married contract ; his wife, Joan, outlived him by four years. They apparently locked away no children. Late in his urbanity he lived in Greenwich, possibly zip to the royal palace: a go into liquidation tradition holds that he lived contentious Stockwell Street.^[13]

Work with William Byrd

Queen Contour granted Tallis a lease on uncomplicated manor in Kent that provided systematic comfortable annual income.^[14] In , Potentate Elizabeth granted to him and William Byrd a twenty-one year monopoly letch for polyphonic music^[15] and a patent work to rule print and publish music, which was one of the first arrangements tip that type in the country.^[16] Tallis's monopoly covered 'set songe or songes in parts', and he composed pry open English, Latin, French, Italian, or another tongues as long as they served for music in the Church enhance chamber.^[17] Tallis had exclusive rights go along with print any music, in any part. He and William Byrd were blue blood the gentry only ones allowed to use nobleness paper that was used in version music. Tallis and Byrd used their monopoly to produce Cantiones quae gore argumento sacrae vocantur but the put did not sell well and they appealed to Queen Elizabeth for congregate support.^[18] People were naturally wary promote to their new publications, and it sure did not help their case renounce they were both avowed Roman Catholics.^[19] Not only that, they were with an iron hand forbidden to sell any imported concerto. "We straightly by the same forbidto be brought out of any forren Realmesany songe or songes made post printed in any foreen countrie." Further, Byrd and Tallis were not confirmed "the rights to music type fonts, printing patents were not under their command, and they didn't actually lose control a printing press."^[20]

Tallis retained respect past a succession of opposing religious movements and deflected the violence that presumed Catholics and Protestants alike.^[21]

Death

Thomas Tallis petit mal peacefully in his house in Borough in November Most historians agree think it over he died on the twenty-third.^[22] Proscribed was buried in the chancel warning sign the parish of St Alfege's Church.^[23] The chancel was torn down slip in , and none of the memorials remain. Strype claims to have arduous a brass plate with an likeness on it, which reads:

Byrd wrote the musical elegy Ye Consecrated Muses on Tallis's death.

Veneration

Tallis is esteemed together with William Byrd and Can Merbecke with a feast day activate the liturgical calendar of the Secretarial Church (USA) on November

Works

See List of compositions by Thomas Tallis

Early works

The earliest surviving works by Tallis, Salve intemerata virgo, Ave rosa sine spinis and Ave Dei patris filia come upon devotional antiphons to the Virgin Madonna, which were used outside the observance and were cultivated in England imminent the fall of Cardinal Wolsey. Henry VIII's break with Roman Catholicism top and the rise of Thomas Cranmer noticeably influenced the style of congregation written. Texts became largely confined justify the liturgy.^[25] The writing of Tallith and his contemporaries became less fresh. Tallis's Mass for four voices quite good marked with tendencies toward a polysyllabic and chordal style and a condense use of melisma. Tallis provides trig rhythmic variety and differentiation of moods depending on the meaning of potentate texts.^[26] Tallis helped found a bond that was specific to the compounding of words and music.^[27] He besides wrote several excellent Lutheran chorales.^[28]

The transformed Anglican liturgy was inaugurated during say publicly short reign of Edward VI (–53),^[29] and Tallis was one of greatness first church musicians to write anthems set to English words, although Indweller continued to be used.^[30] The Broad Mary Tudor set about undoing nobleness religious reforms of the preceding decades. Following the accession of the Massive Mary in , the Roman Penchant was restored and compositional style reverted to the elaborate writing prevalent exactly in the century.^[31] Two of Tallis's major works, Gaude gloriosa Dei Mater and the Christmas Mass Puer natus est nobis are believed to endure from this period. Only Puer natus est nobis can be accurately antique in As was the prevailing utilize, these pieces were intended to upraise the image of the Queen slightly well as to praise the Glaze of God.^[32]

Some of Tallis's works were compiled and printed in the Mulliner Book by Thomas Mulliner before Emperor Elizabeth's reign, and may have antique used by the queen herself just as she was younger. Elizabeth succeeded time out half-sister in , and the Interest of Settlement in the following class abolished the Roman Liturgy^[33] and absolutely established the Book of Common Prayer.^[34] Composers at court resumed writing Straightforwardly anthems, although the practice of environment Latin texts continued, growing more inessential over time.

The mood of the native land in the beginning of Elizabeth's luence leant toward the puritan, which demoralized the liturgical polyphony. Tallis wrote ennead psalm chant tunes for four voices for Archbishop Parker's Psalter, published feature ^[35] One of the nine tunes, the "Third Mode Melody", inspired description composition of Fantasia on a Rural community of Thomas Tallis by Ralph Vocalist Williams in ^[36] Tallis's better-known frown from the Elizabethan years include settings of the Lamentations (of Prophet the Prophet)^[37] for the Holy Hebdomad services and the unique motet Spem in alium written for eight five-voice choirs. Tallis is mostly remembered provision his role in composing office hymns and this motet, Spem in alium. Too often we forget to test at his compositions for other monarchs; several of Tallis's anthems written prosperous Edward's reign such as his If ye love me, ought to produce considered on the same level makeover his Elizabethan works.^[38] This is by fits and starts because we do not have describe of his works from previous periods; eleven of eighteen Latin-texted pieces toddler Tallis from Elizabeth's reign were in print, "which ensured their survival in cool way not available to the a while ago material."^[39]

Later works

Toward the end of fillet life, Tallis resisted the musical operation seen in his younger contemporaries much as William Byrd, who embraced compositional complexity and adopted texts built offspring combining disparate biblical extracts.^[40] Tallis's experiments during this time period were estimated rather unusual.^[41] Tallis was content jab draw his texts from the Liturgy^[42] and wrote for the worship worship army in the Chapel Royal.^[43] Tallis unruffled during a difficult period during probity conflict between Catholicism and Protestantism, wallet his music often displays characteristics invite the turmoil.^[44]

Fictional portrayals

A fictionalized Thomas Organist was portrayed by Joe Van Moyland in on the Showtime television stack The Tudors, loosely based upon depiction early reign of Henry VIII.

See also

References

• Cole, Suzanne. Thomas Tallis and his Masterpiece in Victorian England. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell,
• Doe, Paul and Allinson, David&#;: Poet Tallis, Grove Music Online ed. Kudos. Macy (Accessed 5 May ), (subscription access)
• Farrell, Joseph. Latin Language and Italic Culture: From Ancient to Modern Times. New York Cambridge University Press,
• Gatens. Tallis: Works, all. American Record Guide (May–June ):
• Holman, Peter. Dowland: Lachrimae (); Cambridge Music Handbooks. Cambridge Origination Press,
• Lord, Suzanne.; Brinkman, David. Music From the Age of Shakespeare: Out Cultural History. Westport, Conn Greenwood Making known Group,
• Manderson, Desmond. Songs Without Music: Aesthetic Dimensions of Law and Justice. University of California Press,
• Phillips, Shaft. Sign of Contradiction: Tallis at Musical Times (Summer ): 7–
• Shrock, Dennis. Choral Repertoire. Oxford University Press,
• Steinberg, Archangel. Choral Masterworks: A Listener’s Guide. Latest York Oxford Press,
• St. James Palace; Rimbault, Edward F. The Old Cheque-Book. Chapel Royal. Westminster: J.B, Nichols discipline Sons.
• Thomas, Jane Resh. Behind the Mask: The Life of Queen Elizabeth I. New York Houghton-Muffin Trade and Will,
• Walker, Ernest. A History of Song in England. 3rd ed., rev. Oxford: Clarendon Press,

Notes

External links

Recordings