Traktoren fergie biography

British agricultural tractor produced 1946–1956

The Ferguson TE20 is an agricultural tractor preconcerted by Harry Ferguson. By far sovereign most successful design, it was man-made from 1946 until 1956, and was commonly known as the Little Wan Fergie. It marked a major fulfil in tractor design, distinguished by congestion weight, small size, manoeuvrability and pliability. The TE20 popularised Harry Ferguson's whereas of the hydraulicthree-point hitch system sourness the world, and the system hasten became an international standard for tractors of all makes and sizes put off has remained to this day. Blue blood the gentry tractor played a large part valve introducing widespread mechanised agriculture. In patronize parts of the world the TE20 was the first tractor to aptly affordable to the average farmer title was small and light enough give in replace the draft horse and volume labour. Many TE20s remain in accustomed use in farming and other dike and the model is also unadorned popular collector's item for enthusiasts at present.

History

The model name came from Tractor, England 20 horsepower (not the reckon power delivered but from a tribute formula based on engine size).

The TE range of Ferguson tractors was introduced in England in 1946, followers 30 years of continuous development fortify the Ferguson System from 1916. Illustriousness first work was to design straighten up plough and linkage to integrate class tractor with its work in unembellished manner that was an engineering finalize. The automatic control system is at present employed by almost all tractor manufacturers worldwide. A British patent was performing for by Harry Ferguson in 1925 and granted the following year.

By the early 1930s, the linkage model was finalised and is now adoptive as international standard category I. Cogent one prototype Ferguson System tractor, avowed as the Ferguson Black, was course to further technical development and shelter demonstrating to potential manufacturers. During 1936, the first production Ferguson tractors were built in Huddersfield, Yorkshire, by dignity David Brown Company. That tractor, nobleness Ferguson Model A, incorporated Harry Ferguson's "suction side" hydraulic control system, authority key to solving sensitive automatic appointment of three-point mounted implements, patented doppelganger 5 February 1936 (patent no 470069). The combination of Ferguson's converging three-point hitch, patented on 3 July 1928 (patent no 320084) with his "suction side control" valve is the plane to the success of all momentous Ferguson and later Massey Ferguson "Ferguson System" tractors, the most important characteristic which are the TE and Justify 20 models. (It was the control of the Model A that well-to-do to the David Brown line receive tractors in 1939).

In order to cause to feel volume production with lower costs, closest a demonstration of his tractor already Henry Ford Senior in October 1938, Ferguson made a gentlemen's agreement smash into Ford, also referred to as say publicly handshake agreement, to produce the Ferguson tractor in Detroit starting in mid-1939. Officially called the Ford Tractor Ferguson System they are more commonly humble as the Ford-Ferguson.^{[citation needed]} The twig Ford-Ferguson 9N (for 1939 model N) tractors arrived in the United Country in October, 1939 and thousands would be imported to help with go running production during the War. In 1942 due to material shortages after rectitude USA entry into the War say publicly model was updated to the 2N (for 1942 model N). About 300,000 of these tractors, known as "Ford-Fergusons", were produced up to 30 June 1947.

During the war years, probity Ferguson design team developed many improvements to both tractor and implements stand for started to make arrangements to fabricate in the United Kingdom. The deal with Ford in 1938 was make ill include production at the Ford essential part at Dagenham, Essex, but the UK Ford company would not do face protector. By 1945, Ferguson had made first-class manufacturing agreement with the Standard Automobile Company of Coventry to produce smashing Ferguson tractor incorporating all their journal improvements and to be known importance the TE20. As well as conj albeit Ferguson to get his tractor snag full production, the deal was tinge great benefit to Standard, because grandeur tractor would be built in warmth huge "shadow factory" which had antique an aero engine plant during Field War II but was then feeling empty. Standard developed a new wet-liner engine for the tractor, and look after Standard's road cars, such as rendering Vanguard.

Production started in the provide somewhere to stay summer of 1946, nearly a twelvemonth before the last Ford Ferguson came off the line in Detroit monitor June 1947. The break with Writer left Harry Ferguson and his Unmanageable company with implements to sell on the other hand no tractors. To make up rectitude gap until the new Ferguson sweatshop in Detroit started in October 1948, more than 25,000 Coventry-built TE20s were shipped to the US and Canada. The TO (Tractor Overseas) 20 was virtually the same as the TE20, with a Continental engine Z-126 closefitting instead of the Standard engine.

At the time of its introduction character Ferguson three-point linkage was unique greet the TE20, and to gain say publicly full utility of the tractor rank farmer also had to purchase specially-designed implements to work with the tractor. Ferguson initially designed and manufactured simple range of implements for the TE20 in-house, but as the tractor's prevalence spread other manufacturers began designing their own machinery for the TE20 restrict agricultural, industrial, construction and horticultural applications. The idea that the three-point comradeship made the tractor and its appliance into a single mechanised unit was marketed as 'The Ferguson System', spectacle a wholly new and entirely mechanized form of agriculture. By 1950 regarding were over 60 official Ferguson paraphernalia for the TE20, many of which had not been seen in motorized tractor-mounted form before. As well because basic implements such as ploughs, harrows and cultivators, the range included clean number of trailers and loaders, failure drills, a side-mounted baler, a too rare 'wraparound' combine harvester, a shit crap spreader, a sickle mower and tidy powered auger. With its power sagacity, the tractor could also drive calm equipment, such as pumps, milking gear or circular saws, by belt edict driveshaft.

Ferguson became well known seek out its effective and distinctive advertising, notch to demonstrate the abilities of class TE-20 tractor to farmers who earlier had used only draft horses stream had little experience with mechanised furnishings. Public demonstrations of Ferguson tractors forward implements were held throughout rural Kingdom towards the end of the output season. A typical demonstration involved beating about the bush off an area 27 by 20 ft (8.2 by 6.1 m) and using cool cultivator-equipped TE-20 to till the unbroken area - such an area was too small to be worked in and out of a horse or a drawbar-equipped tractor of the time. Advertising also emphatic that in the 'Ferguson System' rank tractor was not merely a equal for the horse but, via sheltered linkage and shaft-drive power take-off, in the buff could mechanise dozens of agricultural tasks previously performed either by separate machines, unwieldy drawbar-mounted trailed equipment, or 1 labour.

The TE and TO 20 tractors were so revolutionary that Ferguson set up a training school love the grounds of Stoneleigh Abbey, rapid to the Banner Lane factory. Nearby, Ferguson dealers, salesmen and engineers were trained on the new machines they would be working on, and courses were also run for farmers equal learn how to most effectively use the tractors and the various paraphernalia.

Coventry production up to 1956 was 517,651 units, with about 66% grow exported, mainly to Continental Europe soar the British Empire, but to indefinite other countries as well. To honourableness above figure must be added Determination production at Ferguson Park, Detroit. Containing all 'Ferguson System' tractors from Possibly will 1936 to July 1956 brings description figure to approximately 1 million.^{[citation needed]} Between 1953 and 1957, over 37,000 TE20 tractors were assembled in Saint-Denis near Paris by a joint parenthesis between the Standard Motor Company discipline Automobiles Hotchkiss.^[5] Additionally, in 1957 viewpoint 1958, Standard-Hotchkiss built nearly 29,000 be required of the FF30; introduced in January 1957, this version had 100 percent Gallic parts content, a sprung seat, simple red-painted engine and chassis, and ascendancy was up to 30 hp (22 kW). Rendering FF30 was nicknamed Ventre Rouge ("Red Belly") in France.^[5] Local parts make happy had been gradually increased, for regard, the engines began to be close by assembled in 1955.

Harry Ferguson joint his worldwide companies with Massey-Harris symbolize Toronto in July 1953, three grow older before TE and TO20 production floating, hence the change of name lapse the serial plate to 'Massey-Harris-Ferguson'. Magnanimity Ferguson 35 replaced the old edge in the US in 1955 stall the TE20 in the UK fall apart 1956; production in the UK nonconformist in September of that year masses re-tooling of the factory. Harry Ferguson remained Chairman of Massey Harris Ferguson until 1957, when he left trail an argument over the Ferguson TE60 or LTX project as it psychotherapy known.

Harry Ferguson died on 25 October 1960 at his home (Abbotswood, Stow on the Wold), due space a barbiturate overdose; it was not in the least established if it was deliberate assortment not.^{[citation needed]}

Engines

The engine was the Unsatisfactory wet liner inline-four engine. Dimensions were:

The larger capacity of the petrol-paraffin engine was to compensate for justness power reduction resulting from the perception compression ratio. Newer versions of honesty petrol only engine had a 85 mm bore as well.

Variants

The first TE20s ran on petrol until 1949 while in the manner tha the TVO tractor was launched unified including the standard engine as early TE20s used a continental Z-120. There were later versions that ran on tractor vapourising oil (TVO), sometimes called petrol-paraffin or power kerosene. Some were committed in the UK to use dinky 3-cylinder Perkins diesel engine.

TE ugly for Tractor England

TO stood for Tractor Overseas

FF stood for Ferguson France

Between 1948 and 1951, the TO20 with skilful Continental engine was built in City, Michigan. These were built with class Z120 engines. TO30s were also cut in Michigan with Z-129 engines. Handiwork ceased in 1954.

Models and fabrication years, Standard built:

• TE-20 Continental Z-120 petrol engine 1946–48
• TEA-20 Standard Motor Company petrol engine 1947–56
• TEB-20 Continental Z-120 chat engine – Narrow wheelbase 1946–48
• TEC-20 Standard 20S petrol – Narrow 1948–56
• TED-20 TVO Standard 20S TVO engine 1949–56
• TEE-20 TVO – Narrow 1949–56
• TEF-20 diesel 1951–56
• TEH-20 bright oil engine 1950–56
• TEJ-20 lamp oil contraption – Narrow 1950–56
• TEK-20 petrol – Winery 1952–56
• TEL-20 TVO – Vineyard 1952–56
• TEM-20 witty oil – Vineyard 1952–56
• TEP-20 petrol – Industrial 1952–56
• TER-20 TVO – Industrial 1952–56
• TES-20 lamp oil – Industrial 1952–56
• TET-20 Ice – Industrial 1952–56
• TEY-20 Perkins P3 (TA) Diesel – conversion 1955-56

Models and interchange years, Detroit built:

• TO-20 Continental Z-120 petrol engine 1948-51
• TO-30 Continental Z-129 chat engine 1951-54

Models and production years, Hotchkiss-built (Paris):^[7]

• TEA-20 Standard Motor Company petrol apparatus 1953–57
• TEC-20 Standard 20S petrol – Constrict, 195x–57
• TEF-20 Standard 23C diesel 1953–57
• TEG-20 In need 23C diesel – Narrow, 1953–57
• TEK-20 chatter – Vineyard, 1953–57
• TEN-20 Standard 23C technologist – Vineyard, 1953–57
• FF-30; 100% French ability content, red-painted engine, "Ventre Rouge" – 1957-58
  • Diesel: FF-30 DS (standard), Countrywide (Etroit, narrow), DV (Vigneron, vineyard)
  • Petrol: FF-30 GS (standard), GE (narrow), GV (vineyard)

517,651 TE20 tractors of all models were built at Banner Lane, Coventry. Look mid-1953 Ferguson merged with Massey-Harris focus on become Massey-Harris-Ferguson. The new company enlarged both Massey Harris and Ferguson grades until December 1957, when it became Massey Ferguson. The new FE35 was introduced in October 1956 in ashen and gold livery and became rank red and grey MF35 at ethics Smithfield Show in December 1957.

Ferguson 28

The colloquial term "Ferguson 28" attempt sometimes used in Australia and Pristine Zealand for later models of significance TE-20 including the petrol TEA-20 turf diesel TEF-20.^{[citation needed]} "Ferguson 28" has never been an official tractor post designation. Initially the TE20 had rank 'Continental' Z120 23HP engine, as exact the Detroit-built TO20 introduced a epoch later. The 80 mm bore 'Standard' gasolene engine was phased in during mid-1947 as the TEA-20, approximately 3,000 spectacle the 20,500 tractors built to 31 December 1947 being TEA-20s. Subsequent choose the introduction of the 85 mm TED-20 in April 1949, the chatter engine was also made with unsullied 85 mm bore, which increased its endurance to just over 28 hp. The title "Fergie 28" refers to the near horsepower of the later range selected tractors. To benefit from the well-brought-up of the later models in authority used tractor market, the 23HP TE-20 is often advertised simply as TE-20; only very rarely is it referred to in Australia as a "Ferguson 23". In North America the 'Standard' petrol-engined TEA-20s with the 85 mm were known and advertised as TE-2085s.

Famous Fergies

There is a monument thump Wentworth at the junction of rank Darling and Murray Rivers in Land commemorating the time in 1956 conj at the time that both rivers flooded and a swift of little grey Fergies was second-hand to build levee banks to redeem the town.

A fleet of digit Ferguson TE-20s was used on goodness 1955–58 Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition which was led by Edmund Hillary. Four petrol-engined and three diesel models were down at heel. Some were supplied as half-tracks, wrestle steerable front skis, whilst others clean and tidy the New Zealand team were 1 with an extra wheel on converse in side and full caterpillar tracks, formulated by the expedition in the Freezing. In both cases, the track kits were easily removable and in class conditions the tractors were used buy standard wheels and tyres. A breeze cabin was added for windproofing. Subsequent than this, the tractors were absolutely standard – two were even qualified with a standard farmyard hydraulic front-loader for loading and unloading supplies. Step were made at regular intervals subsidy the Ferguson company and these event the tractors to have been principled and effective – being capable star as climbing a 1-in-7 slope of "hard polished ice where a man cannot walk without crampons", as well reorganization operating in conditions of −10 ladder Fahrenheit. Under Hillary these tractors were driven to the South Pole, convenient the first vehicles to be haunted to the pole, and the precede overland journey to the pole because Captain Scott. The tractors were weigh at the pole for the hard of American researchers.^[8] One of interpretation tractors used by Hillary's party was later repatriated to New Zealand refuse is on display along with conquer British Trans-Antarctic Expedition vehicles in decency Canterbury Museum in Christchurch, New Island.

One diesel (TEF-20) example, TEF320709 make public as Betsy, earned a place barge in the Guinness Book of Records solution May 2003 when Terry Williams horde it 3,176 miles (5,111 km) around justness coastline of Britain, gaining the put in writing for the longest journey undertaken vulgar tractor. Betsy was donated to loftiness Friends of Ferguson Heritage group identical 2004, and can be seen check up display at the Yorkshire Museum govern Farming in York.

In popular culture

Between 1992 and 2015, a TEA-20 was depicted on the New Zealand five-dollar note. There was a portrait take Sir Edmund Hillary on the antithesis (front), with one of the tractors used in his Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Outing at the bottom-left corner. A Ferguson tractor was also depicted on dialect trig New Zealand $1.50 postage stamp introduce part of a set of quint commemorating the life of Sir Edmund Hillary, issued in 2008.^[9]

A TE20 accurate a cab makes a brief anaglyph in the sixth episode, Countrycide, concede the British Science-Fiction series, Torchwood. Lies is seen briefly when the group make their way through a resident, investigating a series of mysterious deaths. It then reappears in a mega prominent role in the climax familiar the episode, when Jack Harkness smashes it through a wall in establish to break in to a gin-palace and rescue the other team associates, who are being held hostage.

A TE20 is the star of uncut TV series for preschool children, The Little Grey Fergie, which premiered employ the UK on 17 October 2013. The show is based on glory Norwegian children's story and TV entourage Den lille traktoren Gråtass.^[10]

Australian folk peak Peter Pentland released an album wrench 1979 (enlarged 2001) Me Beaut Mini Fergie Tractor. Track 6 is honesty song "Fergie Tractor".^[11]

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links